This image compares data from two Iceye Synthetic Aperture Radar images. Changes in the vertical height of the surface appear black. Areas without changes are depicted in white. Credit: Iceye SAN ...

Manufacturing a precision surface requires a balance between satisfying the optimum quality requirements at the minimum cost. Steve Martinek summarizes the challenges of increasing the precision ...

Dynamic interferometry allows precise optical measurements to be made on the factory floor. Steve Martinek explains the principle and technology behind the technique. The high-precision interferometry ...

Electronic and computer processors with a higher speed need smaller features for integrated circuits (IC), which also need smoother and smaller substrate surfaces. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) ...

One of the biggest challenges for nanoscale fabrication is how to measure devices on such a minute scale. As the semiconductor industry demands ever smaller devices, the need for reliable, robust ...

Accurately controlling film thickness and uniformity is extremely important for both throughput and performance in the automotive, aerospace, semiconductor, medical, and research industries. White ...